Vitalik Buterin, founder of Ethereum, wrote that it is a pleasant surprise to see many mainstream Layer 2 reaching the Stage 1 "limited training round" stage. The next goal is to achieve fast withdrawal through zero-knowledge proof systems. Consider this more important than reaching the Stage 2 "no training round". Fast withdrawal times are crucial and will reduce the cost of capital for liquidity providers. If the native withdrawal time can be reduced to less than 1 hour in the short term and 12 seconds in the medium term, it will further strengthen the position of Ethereum Layer 1 as the default platform for issuing assets and the economic center of the Ethereum ecosystem.
To do this we need to get rid of the Optimistic proof system, which essentially takes days to withdraw. Historically, zero-knowledge proof techniques have been immature and expensive, making Optimistic proofs a smart and safe choice. But this is changing rapidly recently, with the 2-of-3 ZK + OP + TEE proof system strategy striking a balance between security, speed, and maturity. In the long run, we will eventually be able to complete the transfer of native assets across L2 through L1 almost instantaneously.
Vitalik: Ethereum will eventually achieve instant transfer across L2 native assets through L1
2025-08-06 16:58:45
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